Anchoring Technology of Rubber Dam Bag
Rubber dam is widely used in the current hydraulic engineering, its good advantages of adjusting dam height can give full play to the benefits brought about by hydraulic engineering including irrigation, power generation, shipping as well as anti-flood. With high tensity synthetic fiber acting as the frame of the rubber dam, and taking rubber as the main water-stop layer and protective layer, it is anchored on the riverbed concrete, forming a closed rubber bag which is filled with air or water to retain water by a dam body. It draws high attention with the advantages of retaining water without leakage, sluicing water without blocking, adjustable spacing, capability of overflow, and it is available to change the dam height as per the demand.
1.Structural form
As a new type of dam technology, rubber dam boasts various merits including flexible operation, free elevating, low cost etc.. As the continuous development of the current scientific technology, and the incessant improvement of various dam bag materials and construction technologies, the rubber dam type has become more and more popular in most of the plain area in our country. Under the surroundings that the water environment application is increasing, the construction design measures are also in gradual improvement.
1.1Bolt anchoring
Bolt anchoring is widely used in the rubber dam, forming a reinforcing force of fixing the dam bag through squeezing various wedges inside the groove, and the anchoring groove is designed in the shape of boots or ladders, with the wedge chosen and applied as front wedge and back wedge, which is generally made of concrete, while wood or other materials are also available for back wedges.
2.Anchoring design of concrete wedges
The dam bag anchoring is the key technology of rubber dam. In the current rubber dam engineering, generally the wedge anchoring is adopted which plays an unnegligible role in the fixation of rubber dam and its promotion. Meanwhile, the civil construction part shall be paid more attention to during the anchoring design. In the civil construction, we should ensure the rationality of the rubber dam engineering application. There is strict size standard on the anchoring groove, and it is inclined to form a unified groove mouth and a straight distribution during the construction, thus it is necessary to ensure the smooth and flat outer surface of the concrete, devoid of any obvious concave-convex phenomenon. It is the emphasis to achieve the construction standards, while it is also a main link that calls for high attention of the current staff.
3.Molding of anchoring groove
There are two commonly used construction method currently for the anchoring groove molding, subjecting to the principles of reserved second phase concrete and one-step modeling, forming a certain preserved space through strict treatment during concrete construction and placing, that is, reserved second-phase concrete and one-time molding. The preserved second-phase concrete is to preserve a certain space at the position of anchoring groove during the bottom plate concrete placing, then dismantle the mold until the bottom plate concrete achieve a certain intensity, and erect the anchoring groove mold after the scabbling is cleared, then the anchoring groove second phase placing shall be conducted. One-step molding is to hang and erect the anchoring mold on the designed position before the bottom plate concrete placing, in this way the anchoring groove is molded one-time during bottom plate concrete placing.
3.1Anchoring wedge prefabrication
The anchoring wedges adopts high tensity C30 steel fiber concrete with good impact force. As the height deviation is required (±2mm), so the mold adopts the stereotyped steel mode of which the precision is easy to guarantee. During application, a careful rectification is needed to ensure the precision of dimension. The mold surface should be coated with mold release agent to prevent adhesion and fracture. Observation shall be enhanced during construction, and a control line can be set on the anchoring groove mold top, and a control point set at the proper position of the adjacent bottom plate. Observe from time to time using theodolite to ensure there is no displacement horizontally. If a displacement occurs, rectify before the concrete solidify.
4.Conclusion
Rubber dam anchoring engineering is the key point of hydraulic project, the quality of the construction shall be strictly controlled. Through elaborate design and construction, the concrete dam shall be flat and smooth, relative big fluctuations and even sharp or wedged concrete etc. shall be none. So it is necessary to frequently observe during construction, rationally control where there are potential problems. Set control point at the proper position adjacent to the bottom plate, and observe with the gauge from time to time to ensure there are no displacement horizontally.
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